Melasma

Overview

Melasma is a symmetric hyperpigmentation of yellowish-brown, brown, or dark patches on the facial skin, often distributed around the eyes, nose, cheeks, and forehead, sometimes in a butterfly pattern. It is common in middle-aged women and may be related to pregnancy, sun exposure, oral contraceptives, and liver disease.

Symptoms

• Yellowish-brown facial patches
• Symmetric distribution
• Indistinct borders
• Worse with sun exposure
• No subjective symptoms

Treatment

Sun protection is important; topical hydroquinone or retinoids are used to lighten spots, along with oral vitamin C and E.

Dietary advice

Eat plenty of vitamin C-rich foods, avoid photosensitizing foods, and keep a regular routine.