Varicocele

Overview

Varicocele is an abnormal dilation, elongation, and tortuosity of the pampiniform venous plexus within the spermatic cord, mainly due to impaired venous return or reflux. It is most common on the left side and may cause scrotal heaviness or aching, and in severe cases impaired testicular function, atrophy, and infertility.

Symptoms

• Scrotal heaviness
• Worse when standing
• Worm-like scrotal mass
• Dull pain
• Infertility

Treatment

Mild cases wear tight underwear and avoid prolonged standing, while cases with significant symptoms or fertility impact undergo high ligation of the spermatic vein.

Dietary advice

Light diet, eat plenty of vegetables and fruits to keep bowels regular, and avoid spicy foods.