Traumatic Brain Injury

Overview

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is damage to brain tissue caused by external blunt or penetrating force, resulting in structural or functional changes and temporary or permanent neurological impairment. It is often accompanied by skull injury.

Symptoms

• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Impaired consciousness
• Pupillary changes
• Limb movement impairment

Treatment

Closely monitor vital signs, consciousness, and pupils, control intracranial pressure to prevent and treat cerebral edema, and surgically evacuate significant hematomas for decompression.

Dietary advice

After regaining consciousness, gradually progress from liquids to a high-protein, high-vitamin, easily digestible diet, and keep bowel movements regular.