Hydronephrosis

Overview

Hydronephrosis is distension of the renal pelvis and calyces due to accumulation of urine, often accompanied by atrophy of the kidney parenchyma. It is commonly caused by urinary tract obstruction leading to urine retention, or by congenital structural abnormalities.

Symptoms

• Flank distension pain
• Abdominal mass
• Hematuria
• Abnormal urine output
• Recurrent urinary tract infection

Treatment

Relieve urinary obstruction causes such as stones or strictures, performing pyeloplasty or drainage when necessary to protect kidney function.

Dietary advice

Drink plenty of water, eat a low-salt diet, and reduce intake of high-oxalate foods.