Premature Rupture of Membranes

Overview

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is rupture of the amniotic sac before the onset of labor. Rupture occurring 18 to 24 hours before labor is called prolonged PROM. The mother experiences a gush or continuous leakage of fluid from the vagina without pain. Fetal complications include preterm birth, umbilical cord compression, and infection; maternal complications include placental abruption and postpartum fever. Risk factors include chorioamnionitis, prior PROM, late-pregnancy bleeding, smoking, and low body weight. Management depends on gestational age and complications.

Symptoms

• Leakage of vaginal fluid
• Wet underwear
• Uncontrolled fluid leakage
• Lower abdominal bearing-down sensation

Treatment

Seek medical care promptly, rest in bed with hips elevated, prevent infection, and decide on expectant management or delivery based on gestational age.

Dietary advice

During bed rest, eat a bland and nutritious diet, keep bowel movements regular, and consume plenty of high-quality protein and vitamins.