Down Syndrome

Overview

Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is a congenital chromosomal disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is associated with delayed physical growth, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic facial features.

Symptoms

• Intellectual disability
• Characteristic facial features
• Low muscle tone
• Developmental delay

Treatment

There is no cure; management focuses on early intervention, rehabilitation, and special education, along with screening and treatment of associated conditions such as congenital heart disease.

Dietary advice

Eat a balanced diet and control weight, ensuring adequate protein, produce, and dietary fiber.