Myasthenia Gravis

Overview

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission causing varying degrees of muscle weakness, most often affecting the eye, face, and swallowing muscles. It causes double vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulty speaking and walking. It is caused by antibodies blocking or destroying acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.

Symptoms

• Drooping eyelids
• Double vision
• Limb weakness
• Difficulty swallowing
• Easy fatigue

Treatment

Cholinesterase inhibitors are commonly used to improve symptoms, combined with corticosteroids or immunosuppressants; some patients may undergo thymectomy. Avoid fatigue and infection, which can trigger a myasthenic crisis.

Dietary advice

Eat soft foods that are easy to chew and swallow, with small frequent meals ensuring adequate protein and energy. Those with swallowing difficulty should take care to prevent choking.