Atrial Septal Defect

Overview

Atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease in which incomplete development of the atrial septum leaves an abnormal opening between the two atria. This causes shunting at the atrial level and can lead to right heart overload and pulmonary hypertension over time.

Symptoms

• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue
• Recurrent respiratory infections
• Palpitations
• Growth delay

Treatment

Small defects can be observed with follow-up, while hemodynamically significant defects require transcatheter closure or surgical repair.

Dietary advice

Balanced nutrition to support growth and development, low-salt diet, and plenty of quality protein and fresh produce.