Ménière's Disease
ENTOverview
Ménière's disease is an inner ear disorder characterized pathologically by idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops. Its symptoms are recurrent episodes of sudden rotational vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and/or a sensation of ear fullness. Symptoms typically begin in one ear but may later affect both, lasting from twenty minutes to several hours, and may eventually progress to permanent hearing impairment. The cause is unclear but may involve genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms
- Rotational vertigo
- Tinnitus
- Reduced hearing
- Ear fullness
- Nausea and vomiting
Treatment
During attacks, treatment focuses on sedation, antiemetics, and improving inner ear circulation, with salt restriction and diuretics as needed; refractory cases may require surgery.
Dietary advice
Eat a low-salt diet, limit caffeine and alcohol intake, eat regularly, and ensure adequate hydration.