Helicobacter pylori Infection

Overview

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium usually found in the stomach that can survive in the acidic environment. It can cause mild chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and lead to gastric and duodenal ulcers, and about 70% of gastric cancers are related to it. It is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the WHO.

Symptoms

• Upper abdominal discomfort
• Acid reflux
• Belching
• Bloating
• Bad breath

Treatment

Patients with an indication for eradication should complete a standardized combination drug regimen under physician guidance for the full course to prevent resistance, with follow-up testing after completion.

Dietary advice

Practice food hygiene, use separate servings and serving utensils to prevent cross-infection, and eat lightly and regularly. Avoid spicy, irritating, and very hot foods, and quit smoking and alcohol.